Where the Money Would Go: Farm Bill 2026 Funding
How H.R. 7567 (Farm Bill 2026) would allocate spending across all 12 titles if enacted, what the widely-quoted $390 billion figure means, the CBO score, and the 10-year baseline.
What the "$390 billion" figure actually means
The $390 billion number quoted in much of the news coverage is a headline framing, roughly the 5-year mandatory-spending baseline plus new authorizations. It is not the Congressional Budget Office's estimate of what the bill itself adds, and it is not the bill's total 10-year cost. Treat it as a media shorthand, not an official score.
The official CBO score for H.R. 7567 (publication 62376) reports:
- Increase in direct (mandatory) spending: $162 million over 2026–2031
- Specified authorizations of appropriations: $22.444 billion over 2026–2031
- Estimated outlays from those appropriations: $15.785 billion over 2026–2031
CBO assumes enactment around the beginning of August 2026 for scoring purposes. The bill has passed the House but is not law; these figures describe what CBO estimates would happen if it were enacted. Congressional Budget Office, score for H.R. 7567 →
The 10-year farm bill baseline (for context)
Separate from the bill's own score, the underlying 10-year farm bill baseline (FY2027–2036) is roughly $1.37 trillion, what continuing current programs is projected to cost. The figures below are drawn from the CBO baseline and CRS analysis, not from the bill's incremental score, and are provided for context.
| Title | 10-yr baseline (FY27–36) | Share |
|---|---|---|
| IV, Nutrition (SNAP) | $985.4B | 71.7% |
| XI, Crop Insurance | $155.5B | 11.3% |
| I, Commodities | $142.6B | 10.4% |
| II, Conservation | $73.0B | 5.3% |
| Subtotal | $1,356.5B | 98.7% |
| All other titles | $17.1B | 1.3% |
| Total | $1,373.6B | 100% |
What would change inside Title II (Conservation)
Title II would be roughly budget-neutral overall, but money would move significantly between programs if the bill is enacted:
| Program | Change FY2026–FY2036 |
|---|---|
| EQIP | −$786M |
| Conservation Stewardship Program | +$49M |
| Feral Swine Eradication and Control | +$56M |
| Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention | +$54M |
| Emergency Watershed Program | +$15M |
| Farm Management Incentive Payments | +$11M |
| Transition Option for Certain Farmers | +$47M |
| Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (incl. AGI) | +$216M |
| Forest Conservation Easement Program (new) | +$227M |
| Regional Conservation Partnership Program | +$110M |
| Title II net | −$1M |
EQIP would lose funding roughly equal to a new forest-easement program plus expansions of ACEP and RCPP.
New discretionary authorizations by title
These are appropriations Congress would have to fund each year if the bill is enacted:
| Title | Authorized FY27–31 | Est. outlays |
|---|---|---|
| II, Conservation | $750M | $627M |
| III, Trade | $625M | $357M |
| IV, Nutrition | $1,196M | $997M |
| V, Credit | $1,190M | $325M |
| VI, Rural Development | $4,705M | $2,542M |
| VII, Research, Extension | $8,324M | $5,869M |
| VIII, Forestry | $4,225M | $3,886M |
| IX, Energy | $715M | $516M |
| X, Horticulture | $495M | $458M |
| XII, Miscellaneous | $219M | $208M |
| Total | $22,444M | $15,785M |
The totals above match the CBO score: about $22.444 billion specified for appropriation, with $15.785 billion in estimated outlays over 2026–2031. Title VII (Research) would receive the largest single discretionary authorization.
How this compares to the prior baseline
The 10-year baseline of about $1.374 trillion (FY2027–2036) is roughly $10 billion below the January 2025 baseline of about $1.384 trillion, reflecting lower projected SNAP outlays after the 2025 reconciliation law, offsetting growth in commodities, conservation, and crop insurance, and revised economic assumptions.